{"id":4854,"date":"2026-05-04T10:32:24","date_gmt":"2026-05-04T09:32:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cozynotes.cz\/?p=4854"},"modified":"2026-05-04T11:22:13","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T10:22:13","slug":"franz-plattner-a-jeho-tyrolsky-betlem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cozynotes.cz\/index.php\/2026\/05\/04\/franz-plattner-a-jeho-tyrolsky-betlem\/","title":{"rendered":"Franz Plattner a jeho tyrolsk\u00fd betl\u00e9m"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Co ses vr\u00e1til z Kr\u00e9ty, tak jsem t\u011b nevid\u011bl d\u011blat betl\u00e9m<\/em>,\u201c dozv\u011bd\u011bl jsem se doma. Nevid\u011bl, neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee ned\u011blal, \u017ee jo. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b n\u011bjak\u00e9 ty figurky mi rukama pro\u0161ly. Franz Plattner. Jojo, zase Tyrolsko, zase v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e1 akademie, a dokonce vazby na Josefa Arnolda star\u0161\u00edho. Nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cesty, jak p\u0159ej\u00edt od velikono\u010dn\u00edch betl\u00e9m\u016f zase k t\u011bm v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Franz<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Betl\u00e9m Franze Plattnera (1826-1887) z tyrolsk\u00e9ho Zirlu je z druh\u00e9 poloviny 19. stolet\u00ed. Tisky se mi poda\u0159ilo z\u00edskat z jihotyrolsk\u00e9ho betl\u00e9m\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho spolku. Existuj\u00ed dokonce dv\u011b vyd\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 origin\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed figury (cca 17 cm) a men\u0161\u00ed, \u0159ekn\u011bme obvykl\u00e1 betl\u00e9mov\u00e1 velikost (cca 12 cm). Pro stavbu jsem vybral ty men\u0161\u00ed \u2013 i kv\u016fli v\u00fdsledn\u00fdm rozm\u011br\u016fm betl\u00e9mov\u00e9 krajiny. Figur nen\u00ed mnoho, ale jsou velmi poveden\u00e9 a obsahuj\u00ed o t\u0159\u00edkr\u00e1lovou verzi v\u010detn\u011b slona, kon\u011b a velblouda. Zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed jsou figury dar\u00e1k\u016f oble\u010den\u00e9 v typick\u00fdch tyrolsk\u00fdch kroj\u00edch. Nu a kroje ur\u010dily, \u017ee betl\u00e9m mus\u00edm situovat do tyrolsk\u00e9ho, nebo, chcete-li alpsk\u00e9ho stylu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00f6sendorf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee nemus\u00edte, ale\u2026 Tady si mus\u00edm zase odsko\u010dit. Z\u016fstanu v Rakous\u00edch, jen se pod\u00edv\u00e1me do dolnorakousk\u00e9ho V\u00f6sendorfu, m\u011bste\u010dka na p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed V\u00eddn\u011b. Tam toti\u017e s\u00eddl\u00ed dolnorakousk\u00fd betl\u00e9m\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd spolek a m\u00e1 tu i kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 muzeum. Je to kousek od m\u00edsta, kam slu\u017eebn\u011b jezd\u00edm u\u017e l\u00e9ta, ale n\u011bjak jsem nem\u011bl tuchy, \u017ee v t\u011bchto kon\u010din\u00e1ch naraz\u00edm na n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho. Ve velk\u00e9 s\u00fdpce na kraji obce s\u00eddl\u00ed spolek, jsou tu d\u00edlny i muzeum. Betl\u00e9m\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 spolky v Rakousku, to je pane\u010dku jin\u00e1 k\u00e1va ne\u017e ty na\u0161e. Je zkr\u00e1tka zn\u00e1t, \u017ee tady spolkov\u00e1 tradice nebyla zni\u010den\u00e1 a p\u0159etrhan\u00e1 l\u00e9ty totality a n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm obdob\u00edm vypjat\u00e9ho individualismu.  Pozval jsem se tedy na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu. M\u00edstn\u00ed betl\u00e9m\u00e1\u0159i jsou velmi p\u0159\u00e1tel\u0161t\u00ed a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed, jak je v Rakous\u00edch obvykl\u00e9, ko\u0159eny u n\u00e1s. T\u0159eba v Ostrav\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betl\u00e9m jako \u201eGesamtkunstwerk\u201c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kdy\u017e kouk\u00e1te na rakousk\u00e9 betl\u00e9my, a \u017ee jich v m\u00edstn\u00edm muzeu maj\u00ed des\u00edtky, vid\u00edte neuv\u011b\u0159itelnou kreativitu a pestrost. A hlavn\u011b si v\u0161imnete, \u017ee betl\u00e9m, to nejsou jen figurky. Ne, \u017ee by to pro mne bylo n\u011bco nov\u00e9ho, ale mysl\u00edm, \u017ee spousta lid\u00ed si tohle neuv\u011bdomuje. Dokonce i mezi betl\u00e9m\u00e1\u0159i. M\u00e1m figurky, tak m\u00e1m betl\u00e9m, no ne? Ano, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b si s t\u00edm m\u016f\u017eete vysta\u010dit. Nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 nep\u0159ekro\u010diteln\u00e9 pravidlo. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b t\u0159eba rakousk\u00e1 tradice ukazuje, \u017ee betl\u00e9m je i krajina (Krippenberg) a tak\u00e9 pozad\u00ed\/d\u00e1lina (Hintergrund) a \u017ee sakra moc z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, jak to cel\u00e9 d\u00e1te dohromady a teprve pak m\u00e1te betl\u00e9m. Jasn\u011b, \u017ee tohle zn\u00e1me i u n\u00e1s, ale zkuste si vzpomenout, kolik jste u n\u00e1s vid\u011bli betl\u00e9m\u016f zpracovan\u00fdch tak nap\u016fl \u2013 prost\u011b \u0159emesln\u011b umn\u011b zpracovan\u00e9 figury rozestav\u011bn\u00e9 na kusu textilu, nebo posazen\u00e9 v mechu. O tom, jak se zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed pap\u00edrov\u00e9 figury snad rad\u011bji poml\u010d\u00edm. Ano, ano, rozum\u00edm t\u011bm po\u017eadavk\u016fm na prostor, \u010das a materi\u00e1l. Nehan\u00edm to, \u010di ono zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, nab\u00edz\u00edm jin\u00fd pohled, p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost. Koukejte se, jak vypadaj\u00ed betl\u00e9my tu a onde, inspirujte se. Nez\u016fst\u00e1vejte u zelen\u00e9ho hadru, juty, polystyrenov\u00e9 desky nebo mechu. A uvid\u00edte, \u017ee figury osazen\u00e9 v krajin\u011b v\u00e1m p\u0159inesou \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fd z\u00e1\u017eitek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tak dej cihlu k cihle…<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tolik o ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed betl\u00e9ma jako komplexn\u00edho d\u00edla, tolik moje mal\u00e1 v\u00fdzva. A te\u010f u\u017e zp\u011bt k Plattnerovi. A k alpsk\u00e9mu stylu. U\u010d\u00edm se, po\u0159\u00e1d. Zkou\u0161\u00edm, inspiruju se. A doch\u00e1z\u00edm k tomu, nad \u010d\u00edm jsem d\u0159\u00edv pokyvoval hlavou a \u0159\u00edkal: \u201eBl\u00e1zni, oni vy\u0159ez\u00e1vaj\u00ed ka\u017edou cihlu zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165\u2026\u201c Ano, strukturu zdi m\u016f\u017eete vy\u0159ezat no\u017eem nebo odporov\u00fdm dr\u00e1tem, ale kdy\u017e si ud\u011bl\u00e1te jednotliv\u00e9 kameny, cihly a stavebn\u00ed prvky, dos\u00e1hnete mnohem lep\u0161\u00edho dojmu a ve fin\u00e1le se v\u00e1m s t\u00edm bude i l\u00e9pe pracovat. M\u016f\u017eete pracovat s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly, j\u00e1 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1m u extrudovan\u00e9ho polystyrenu. Kdy\u017e budete pracovat s jednotliv\u00fdmi stavebn\u00edmi d\u00edlky, nebude v\u00e1m vadit ani vafle na jeho povrchu, proto\u017ee ji prost\u011b od\u0159\u00edznete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dast\u0159edn\u00edm prvkem betl\u00e9ma je st\u00e1j\/chl\u00edv\/zbo\u0159eni\u0161t\u011b, a proto\u017ee jsme v Alp\u00e1ch, mus\u00ed to b\u00fdt stylov\u00e1 chalupa, statek. Pozvoln\u00fd sklon st\u0159echy, \u0161indele a prkna, z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e kameny, hambalky s ulo\u017een\u00fdm senem a pytli brambor\u2026 Okna mus\u00ed m\u00edt okenice a t\u0159eba v nich m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i truhl\u00edk s mu\u0161k\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e1lina<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Hotovou chalupu je pot\u0159eba um\u00edstit do krajiny a je t\u0159eba p\u0159idat d\u00e1linu, malovan\u00e9 pozad\u00ed. Vid\u00edte, betl\u00e9m\u00e1\u0159 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt model\u00e1\u0159em\/stavitelem a taky naivn\u00edm mal\u00ed\u0159em. Za\u010dn\u011bte klidn\u011b s modr\u00fdm pozad\u00edm. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee mnoho betl\u00e9m\u016f je kolektivn\u00edm d\u00edlem. N\u011bkdo d\u011bl\u00e1 figury, n\u011bkdo stav\u00ed krajinu, jin\u00fd maluje pozad\u00ed. Mo\u017en\u00e1 je to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost zapojit do tvorby betl\u00e9ma v\u00edc lid\u00ed, rodinu, partnery, d\u011bti\u2026 Kdy\u017e budu m\u00edt na betl\u00e9m\u011b pod\u00edl, t\u0159eba v\u00e1s nebudou s tvorbou vyhazovat z bytu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

J\u00e1 jsem zvolil horskou krajinu alpsk\u00e9ho stylu. Z mod\u0159\u00edn\u016f mi nakonec vylezly borovice, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 velk\u00e9 um\u010do to nen\u00ed, ale i kritick\u00fdm okem mus\u00edm p\u0159iznat, \u017ee od d\u00e1vn\u00fdch pokus\u016f o d\u00e1linu jsem se posunul k lep\u0161\u00edmu v\u00fdrazu. Prost\u011b u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho tohoto pokusu plat\u00ed, \u017ee opakov\u00e1n\u00edm a ka\u017ed\u00fdm dal\u0161\u00edm pokusem se \u010dlov\u011bk zlep\u0161uje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed zd\u00e1nliv\u00e9 drobnosti<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Do krajiny nemus\u00edte pl\u00e1cat jen mech\u2026naopak, m\u016f\u017eete se st\u00e1t na chv\u00edli botaniky nebo alespo\u0148 floristy a vyrazit do p\u0159\u00edrody, uvid\u00edte, \u017ee najdete mnohem zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ingredience ne\u017e jen mech. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je to nep\u0159epl\u00e1cat, ale samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee tady m\u00e1me vkus nastaven\u00fd ka\u017ed\u00fd jinak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V Plattnerov\u011b betl\u00e9m\u011b je and\u011bl sl\u00e1vy takov\u00fd tro\u0161ku \u201em\u00e1lo slavn\u00fd\u201c. Gloriola mu chyb\u00ed! A proto jsem ji dod\u011blal, to, aby Bo\u017e\u00ed sl\u00e1va z\u00e1\u0159ila nad celou tou betl\u00e9mskou scen\u00e9ri\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A okolek, okolek je tentokr\u00e1t d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd, to abych ctil v\u00fdraz. No d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd\u2026 v\u0161ak m\u011b zn\u00e1te.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Co ses vr\u00e1til z Kr\u00e9ty, tak jsem t\u011b nevid\u011bl d\u011blat betl\u00e9m,\u201c dozv\u011bd\u011bl jsem se doma. Nevid\u011bl, neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee ned\u011blal, \u017ee jo. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b n\u011bjak\u00e9 ty figurky mi rukama pro\u0161ly. Franz Plattner. Jojo, zase Tyrolsko, zase v\u00edde\u0148sk\u00e1 akademie, a dokonce vazby na Josefa Arnolda star\u0161\u00edho. Nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cesty, jak p\u0159ej\u00edt od velikono\u010dn\u00edch betl\u00e9m\u016f zase k t\u011bm v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cozynotes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4854"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cozynotes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cozynotes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cozynotes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cozynotes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4854"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.cozynotes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4854\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4864,"href":"https:\/\/www.cozynotes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4854\/revisions\/4864"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cozynotes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4854"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cozynotes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4854"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cozynotes.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}